Accesso oggetti COM non registrati da python tramite un TLB registrato

Question

Ho tre pezzi di codice che sto lavorando con in questo momento:

• un'applicazione di origine (Main.exe) ha chiuso
• Una fonte chiusa VB oggetto COM implementato come una DLL (comobj.dll)
• codice che sto sviluppando in Python

comobj.dll ospita un oggetto COM (diciamo, 'MainInteract') che vorrei da utilizzare Pitone. Posso già usare questo oggetto perfettamente bene da IronPython, ma a causa di altri requisiti ho bisogno di usarlo dal normale Python. Credo che il metodo migliore qui sia quello di usare win32com, ma non posso assolutamente fare progressi.

In primo luogo, un po 'di codice di lavoro IronPython:

import clr 
import os 
import sys 

__dir__ = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) 
sys.path.insert(0, __dir__) 
sys.path.append(r"C:\Path\To\comobj.dll") #This is where the com object dll actually is 

clr.AddReferenceToFileAndPath(os.path.join(__dir__, r'comobj_1_1.dll')) #This is the .NET interop assembly that was created automatically via SharpDevelop's COM Inspector 

from comobj_1_1 import clsMainInteract 

o = clsMainInteract() 
o.DoStuff(True) 

---

E ora il codice che ho tentato in Python regolare:

>>> import win32com.client 
>>> win32com.client.Dispatch("{11111111-comobj_guid_i_got_from_com_inspector}") 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> 
    File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\win32com\client\__init__.py", line 95, in Dispatch 
    dispatch, userName = dynamic._GetGoodDispatchAndUserName(dispatch,userName,clsctx) 
    File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\win32com\client\dynamic.py", line 104, in _GetGoodDispatchAndUserName 
    return (_GetGoodDispatch(IDispatch, clsctx), userName) 
    File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\win32com\client\dynamic.py", line 84, in _GetGoodDispatch 
    IDispatch = pythoncom.CoCreateInstance(IDispatch, None, clsctx, pythoncom.IID_IDispatch) 
pywintypes.com_error: (-2147221164, 'Class not registered', None, None) 

ho anche tentato con il nome descrittivo del TLB :

>>> import win32com.client 
>>> win32com.client.Dispatch("Friendly TLB Name I Saw") 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> 
    File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\win32com\client\__init__.py", line 95, in Dispatch 
dispatch, userName = dynamic._GetGoodDispatchAndUserName(dispatch,userName,clsctx) 
    File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\win32com\client\dynamic.py", line 104, in _GetGoodDispatchAndUserName 
return (_GetGoodDispatch(IDispatch, clsctx), userName) 
    File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\win32com\client\dynamic.py", line 84, in _GetGoodDispatch 
    IDispatch = pythoncom.CoCreateInstance(IDispatch, None, clsctx, pythoncom.IID_IDispatch) 
pywintypes.com_error: (-2147221005, 'Invalid class string', None, None) 

In realtà, l'unico successo che ho avuto è stato questo:

import pythoncom 
tlb = pythoncom.LoadRegTypeLib("{11111111-comobj_guid_i_got_from_com_inspector}",1,1,0) 
>>> tlb 
<PyITypeLib at 0x00AD7D78 with obj at 0x0025EDF0> 
>>> tlb.GetDocumentation(1) 
(u'clsMainInteract', None, 0, None) 

ma non sono sicuro di come andare da lì per ottenere un oggetto. Penso che il mio problema è che ho bisogno di caricare la DLL nel mio processo e farlo registrare con la sorgente COM del mio processo, così posso correttamente CoCreateInstance/win32com.client.Dispatch() su di esso.

Ho anche visto il riferimento Activation Contexts, in particolare quando si parla di "nessuna registrazione COM", ma in genere in frasi come "Windows creerà un contesto per te se specifichi le cose giuste nei tuoi file .manifest". Mi piacerebbe evitare i file manifest se possibile, in quanto uno sarebbe richiesto nella stessa cartella del dll oggetto COM (closed source), e preferirei non lasciare alcun file in quella directory se posso evitarlo.

Grazie per l'aiuto.

Answer 1

Per un modulo utility che avvolge il caso oggetto-da-DLL, così come gli altri, vedere https://gist.github.com/4219140

__all__ = (
    ####### Class Objects 

    #CoGetClassObject - Normal, not wrapped 
    'CoDllGetClassObject', #Get ClassObject from a DLL file 

    ####### ClassFactory::CreateInstance Wrappers 

    'CoCreateInstanceFromFactory', #Create an object via IClassFactory::CreateInstance 
    'CoCreateInstanceFromFactoryLicenced', #Create a licenced object via IClassFactory2::CreateInstanceLic 

    ###### Util 

    'CoReleaseObject', #Calls Release() on a COM object 

    ###### Main Utility Methods 

    #'CoCreateInstance', #Not wrapped, normal call 
    'CoCreateInstanceLicenced', #CoCreateInstance, but with a licence key 

    ###### Hacky DLL methods for reg-free COM without Activation Contexts, manifests, etc 
    'CoCreateInstanceFromDll', #Given a dll, a clsid, and an iid, create an object 
    'CoCreateInstanceFromDllLicenced', #Given a dll, a clsid, an iid, and a license key, create an object 
) 

IID_IClassFactory2 = "{B196B28F-BAB4-101A-B69C-00AA00341D07}" 

from uuid import UUID 
from ctypes import OleDLL, WinDLL, c_ulong, byref, WINFUNCTYPE, POINTER, c_char_p, c_void_p 
from ctypes.wintypes import HRESULT 
import pythoncom 
import win32com.client 

import logging 
log = logging.getLogger(__name__) 


def _raw_guid(guid): 
    """Given a string GUID, or a pythoncom IID, return the GUID laid out in memory suitable for passing to ctypes""" 
    return UUID(str(guid)).bytes_le 

proto_icf2_base = WINFUNCTYPE(HRESULT, 
    c_ulong, 
    c_ulong, 
    c_char_p, 
    c_ulong, 
    POINTER(c_ulong), 
) 
IClassFactory2__CreateInstanceLic = proto_icf2_base(7, 'CreateInstanceLic', (
    (1, 'pUnkOuter'), 
    (1 | 4, 'pUnkReserved'), 
    (1, 'riid'), 
    (1, 'bstrKey'), 
    (2, 'ppvObj'), 
    ), _raw_guid(IID_IClassFactory2)) 

#-------------------------------- 
#-------------------------------- 

def _pc_wrap(iptr, resultCLSID=None): 
    #return win32com.client.__WrapDispatch(iptr) 
    log.debug("_pc_wrap: %s, %s"%(iptr, resultCLSID)) 
    disp = win32com.client.Dispatch(iptr, resultCLSID=resultCLSID) 
    log.debug("_pc_wrap: %s (%s)", disp.__class__.__name__, disp) 
    return disp 

def CoCreateInstanceFromFactory(factory_ptr, iid_interface=pythoncom.IID_IDispatch, pUnkOuter=None): 
    """Given a factory_ptr whose interface is IClassFactory, create the instance of clsid_class with the specified interface""" 
    ClassFactory = pythoncom.ObjectFromAddress(factory_ptr.value, pythoncom.IID_IClassFactory) 
    i = ClassFactory.CreateInstance(pUnkOuter, iid_interface) 
    return i 

def CoCreateInstanceFromFactoryLicenced(factory_ptr, key, iid_interface=pythoncom.IID_IDispatch, pUnkOuter=None): 
    """Given a factory_ptr whose interface is IClassFactory2, create the instance of clsid_class with the specified interface""" 
    requested_iid = _raw_guid(iid_interface) 

    ole_aut = WinDLL("OleAut32.dll") 
    key_bstr = ole_aut.SysAllocString(unicode(key)) 
    try: 
     obj = IClassFactory2__CreateInstanceLic(factory_ptr, pUnkOuter or 0, c_char_p(requested_iid), key_bstr) 
     disp_obj = pythoncom.ObjectFromAddress(obj, iid_interface) 
     return disp_obj 
    finally: 
     if key_bstr: 
      ole_aut.SysFreeString(key_bstr) 

#---------------------------------- 

def CoReleaseObject(obj_ptr): 
    """Calls Release() on a COM object. obj_ptr should be a c_void_p""" 
    if not obj_ptr: 
     return 
    IUnknown__Release = WINFUNCTYPE(HRESULT)(2, 'Release',(), pythoncom.IID_IUnknown) 
    IUnknown__Release(obj_ptr) 

#----------------------------------- 

def CoCreateInstanceLicenced(clsid_class, key, pythoncom_iid_interface=pythoncom.IID_IDispatch, dwClsContext=pythoncom.CLSCTX_SERVER, pythoncom_wrapdisp=True, wrapas=None): 
    """Uses IClassFactory2::CreateInstanceLic to create a COM object given a licence key.""" 
    IID_IClassFactory2 = "{B196B28F-BAB4-101A-B69C-00AA00341D07}" 
    ole = OleDLL("Ole32.dll") 
    clsid_class_raw = _raw_guid(clsid_class) 
    iclassfactory2 = _raw_guid(IID_IClassFactory2) 
    com_classfactory = c_void_p(0) 

    ole.CoGetClassObject(clsid_class_raw, dwClsContext, None, iclassfactory2, byref(com_classfactory)) 
    try: 
     iptr = CoCreateInstanceFromFactoryLicenced(
       factory_ptr = com_classfactory, 
       key=key, 
       iid_interface=pythoncom_iid_interface, 
       pUnkOuter=None, 
     ) 
     if pythoncom_wrapdisp: 
      return _pc_wrap(iptr, resultCLSID=wrapas or clsid_class) 
     return iptr 
    finally: 
     if com_classfactory: 
      CoReleaseObject(com_classfactory) 

#----------------------------------------------------------- 
#DLLs 

def CoDllGetClassObject(dll_filename, clsid_class, iid_factory=pythoncom.IID_IClassFactory): 
    """Given a DLL filename and a desired class, return the factory for that class (as a c_void_p)""" 
    dll = OleDLL(dll_filename) 
    clsid_class = _raw_guid(clsid_class) 
    iclassfactory = _raw_guid(iid_factory) 
    com_classfactory = c_void_p(0) 
    dll.DllGetClassObject(clsid_class, iclassfactory, byref(com_classfactory)) 
    return com_classfactory 

def CoCreateInstanceFromDll(dll, clsid_class, iid_interface=pythoncom.IID_IDispatch, pythoncom_wrapdisp=True, wrapas=None): 
    iclassfactory_ptr = CoDllGetClassObject(dll, clsid_class) 
    try: 
     iptr = CoCreateInstanceFromFactory(iclassfactory_ptr, iid_interface) 
     if pythoncom_wrapdisp: 
      return _pc_wrap(iptr, resultCLSID=wrapas or clsid_class) 
     return iptr 
    finally: 
     CoReleaseObject(iclassfactory_ptr) 

def CoCreateInstanceFromDllLicenced(dll, clsid_class, key, iid_interface=pythoncom.IID_IDispatch, pythoncom_wrapdisp=True, wrapas=None): 
    iclassfactory2_ptr = CoDllGetClassObject(dll, clsid_class, iid_factory=IID_IClassFactory2) 
    try: 
     iptr = CoCreateInstanceFromFactoryLicenced(iclassfactory2_ptr, key, iid_interface) 
     if pythoncom_wrapdisp: 
      return _pc_wrap(iptr, resultCLSID=wrapas or clsid_class) 
     return iptr 
    finally: 
     CoReleaseObject(iclassfactory2_ptr) 

Answer 2

Ecco un metodo che ho ideato per caricare un oggetto COM da una DLL. Era basato su molte letture sulla COM, ecc. Non sono sicuro al 100% delle ultime righe, in particolare d =. Penso che funzioni solo se viene passato IID_Dispatch (che puoi vedere se il parametro predefinito).

Inoltre, credo che questo codice si scarichi: per esempio, la DLL non viene mai scaricata (utilizzare ctypes.windll.kernel32.FreeLibraryW) e credo che il valore di riferimento COM per il factory di classe iniziale sia disattivato di uno, e quindi mai rilasciato. Ma ancora, questo funziona per la mia applicazione.

import pythoncom 
import win32com.client 
def CreateInstanceFromDll(dll, clsid_class, iid_interface=pythoncom.IID_IDispatch, pUnkOuter=None, dwClsContext=pythoncom.CLSCTX_SERVER): 
    from uuid import UUID 
    from ctypes import OleDLL, c_long, byref 
    e = OleDLL(dll) 
    clsid_class = UUID(clsid_class).bytes_le 
    iclassfactory = UUID(str(pythoncom.IID_IClassFactory)).bytes_le 
    com_classfactory = c_long(0) 
    hr = e.DllGetClassObject(clsid_class, iclassfactory, byref(com_classfactory)) 
    MyFactory = pythoncom.ObjectFromAddress(com_classfactory.value, pythoncom.IID_IClassFactory) 
    i = MyFactory.CreateInstance(pUnkOuter, iid_interface) 
    d = win32com.client.__WrapDispatch(i) 
    return d 

Answer 3

Quello che ho fatto per accedere libreria dei tipi di Free Download Manager è stato il seguente:

import pythoncom, win32com.client 

fdm = pythoncom.LoadTypeLib('fdm.tlb') 
downloads_stat = None 

for index in xrange(0, fdm.GetTypeInfoCount()): 
    type_name = fdm.GetDocumentation(index)[0] 

    if type_name == 'FDMDownloadsStat': 
     type_iid = fdm.GetTypeInfo(index).GetTypeAttr().iid 
     downloads_stat = win32com.client.Dispatch(type_iid) 
     break 

downloads_stat.BuildListOfDownloads(True, True) 
print downloads_stat.Download(0).Url 

Il codice qui sopra stampare l'URL del primo download.